Difference between TE wave and TM wave
Both of this wave modes exist in hollow metal based rectangular waveguide. These are the modes of propagation of electromagnetic waves. In this structure no TEM mode exists.
TE wave is referred as Transverse Electric Wave mode. Here E field is wholly transverse to the waveguide meaning perpendicular to the broad dimension of the waveguide.
TM wave is referred as Transverse Magnetic Wave mode. Here H field is wholly transverse to the waveguide meaning perpendicular to the broad dimension of the waveguide..
The figure mentions the TE mode impedance and TM mode impedance equations
A transverse mode of electromagnetic radiation is a particular electromagnetic field pattern of radiation measured in a plane perpendicular (i.e., transverse) to the propagation direction of the beam. Transverse modes occur in radio waves and microwaves confined to a wave guide, and also in light waves in an optical fiber and in a laser’s optical resonator.
Transverse modes occur because of boundary conditions imposed on the wave by the wave guide. For example, a radio wave in a hollow metal wave guide must have zero tangential electric field amplitude at the walls of the wave guide, so the transverse pattern of the electric field of waves is restricted to those that fit between the walls. For this reason, the modes supported by a wave guide are quantized
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